Here in New England carpenter's marks have been made by chisle, gouge, race knife, and later in red crayon with arabic numerals rather than Roman numerals.

If anyone is unsure what a timber scribe or race knife which can be used to make circles looks like go here for a photo of one:
http://jonzimmersantiquetools.com/tools/timber_scribe.jpg

Jim


The closer you look the more you see.
"Heavy timber framing is not a lost art" Fred Hodgson, 1909